Cryonics: The Transhumanist Technology to Expand Lifespan

Cryonics: The Transhumanist Technology to Expand Lifespan Olivia Ilono Abstract Cryonics is a transhumanist technology that rests on the principle that in the future the lethal diseases that causes most modern deaths would be curable and that the effects of long-term freezing would be reversed. The deceased are contained in low-temperature capsules of liquid nitrogen where they will remain until future technology is able to revive them. Some outstanding discovery has occurred that suggests that aldehyde-stabilised cryopreservation (ASC) is the way forward (especially for neuropreservation-conservation of the brain) although it would take some difficulty adapting this method to human brains. There are many ethical issues surrounding cryonics such as concerns of harming the environment, prohibiting donation of organs, being a tool that is against the belief of God and possible risks in the technology leading to the members (awaiting cryopreservation at death) no waiting for a natural death. Although it is unlikely for the technology to be a success, there are stil l hopes. Introduction In the last few decades, there has been an exponential increase in the development and creation of new technology which leaves many optimistic that one day in the near future the power of revival could be possible. This idea falls under the concept of the transhumanism movement which connects the different branches of the STEM subjects. The main aim of the transhumanism movement is advancing the human lifestyle and body through incorporating modern and future technologies. One important technology involved in this movement is cryonics. Cryonics is preserving human bodies (other wised legally dead) at very low temperatures. This technology rests o[DS1] the principle that in the future that the diseases that caused these deaths would be curable and reversing the affects of freezing would be possible. Overview of subject How Does Cryonics Work? Scientists, that involved in carrying out cryopreservation, state that although the person may be pronounced as legally dead due to their heart no longer carrying out its main function of pumping blood around the body some of the brains cellular functions last shortly after death. When the hopeful is pronounced as legally dead, an emergency team quickly reaches the deceased in order to preserve sufficient function   whilst being taken to the cryopreservation facility the person must be supplied with enough oxygen and blood which is especially necessary for the brain. During transportation, the chemical heparin is injected into the deceased that is stored in ice which stop the blood from clotting. When the decease arrive at the cryonics facility, the team must remove all the water from their cells and restore the unbalance with a cryoprotectant. After this they are then able to place the deceased in a vessel containing liquid nitrogen (at -195à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ °C) without the cells bursting. In order to preserve the ultrastructure, the organs of the must go through a process of vitrification which involves a placing the body in an area of dry ice so that the body can be chilled. Many scientists that carry out cryopreservation believe that nanotechnology would be able to fix the damage of the brain due to long-term freezing and possibly cure their lethal disease that killed them. Many predict that attempts of unfreezing the cryonauts for revival could happen in the next three decades. Ethics[DS2] As one may expect with a technology that essential revives the dead, there are many ethical constraints against the technology. One argument against the progress of cryonic storage is that it prohibits the deceased from donating their organs. Some may think that they deprive people in hospitals that are on the long waiting list of receiving these vital organs. Although this is a valid argument it doesnt address the fact that many people that are legally dead dont donate their organs even without taking the cryopreservation route. Therefore this argument holds no grounds by which people that opt to be stored under cryonic storage should be scrutinised, as the vast majority of the public which are capable of donating their organs that would definitely be put to no use after their death choose not to donate their organs. In addition, if cryonics will be a success, the revived would require these organs for their later life therefore extending the life span and increasing their quality o f life which are the reasons many of these patients require these organs. Another point against cryonics is that is can cause more harm to the environment than common processes of disposing a dead body. Cryonics requires a vast amount of resources (i.e liquid nitrogen) over the future decades which will not be cheap. However, this rests on the failure of cryonics as if it is successful the cryonaut would be revived rather than disposed of therefore cryopreservation is very different to these methods. If cryonics offers the hope of some day being revived back to life in the distant future, would it be worth suffering pain in this lifetime? This conception is notably the most prevalent ethical issue as it suggests that premature or assisted suicides could be carried out in order to prevent long term suffering from a painful deadly disease as they may view cryonics as a hope or the future. In addition, as collecting and freezing the brain as soon as possible gives rise to higher probability of cryopreservation being successful due to there being less damage to the brain it may be tempting to many to have an early and more organised death in order to increase chances of being revived in the future. This is a very dangerous precaution as the idea that cryonics would be able to bring back the dead is very much conditional and it would be morally wrong to end ones life sooner than anticipated. Whilst discussing morals, it would be wrong not to address the elephant in the room.   It is unquestionable to state that if the cryonics technology does turn out to be successful it may make many question what death means. As the cryonauts would have been legally dead but returned back to life, it clashes with the belief that there is a God and heaven. This therefore would make people less accepting to the concept of God and leaves the question to be asked if it is possible to live forever through the repeated use of this process. However, it may not actually question religious belief as who is s to know if the spirit of the deceased will return as the newly revived may retain the memories of cryonaut but a different soul. It would also leave many to wonder where the spirits of the deceased would have been whilst under storage which would make human kind a step closer into answering one of the 4 fundamental questions of life- What happens when I die?. The Future of Cryonics Scientists of the 21st century medicine have been able to recover a rabbits brain that was placed under cryopreservation with minimal damage to the brain. Through aldehyde-stabilised cryopreservation (ASC) they were able to preserve the neurones and synapses in the brain which led to the researcher being awarded the Small Mammal Brain Preservation prize. The researchers believe that this technology could be implemented in larger brains as through perfusion the chemicals were able to reach and go through the brains of the rabbit and it is thought that this process could easily be carried out in brains as large as the human brain. Furthermore, by turning the brain into a glassy solid matter they were able to maintain the brains ultrastructure after long-term storage. However, the team does express that it is less applicable and effective in human brains as the brain banks would only receive these chemicals hours after death which by then there would have been significant damage to the brain making revival less likely. Nevertheless, there is still optimism in carrying this technique in other parts of the human body. Will cryonics be successful? This is the important question to answer as observed from what has been written so far it is a prominent aspect when discussing the cryonic technology. Kaufman ,a software engineer at Google, was able to quantitatively estimate the success of cryonics by surveying members of the Cambridge LessWrong meetup for their estimates (probabilities) in response to each question he created that would determine if cryonic was possible. Unfortunately, only one member of the meetup had a success rate of more than 50% therefore suggesting that it is a very small chance in cryonics. [DS3]However, Kaufman only surveyed 6 members (including himself) therefore the sample size is insufficient so reliable conclusions cant be made from these results. Furthermore, majority of questions were external factors which the member has no control over, for example, the probability that the cryonics facility that the member chose would become bankrupt and have to close down. This therefore means that there is a de gree of irrationality of each individual member estimating probabilities of events happening as they dont have enough insight to produce a probability. According to Kaufmans results, the average chance of success for cryonics is 7.4% (excluding the anomaly) which lies between Harriss probability of 15% (when optimistic) and 0.23% (when pessimistic) (Harris,1998) . This therefore makes Kaufman results more reliable as the average chance of success is within the range that a physician at Alcor Life Extension Foundation (a cryonic facility) was able to achieve after forming The Warren Equation and inputting probabilities from his insight and knowledge. On the other hand, this raises a concern as it shows in the best of cases it shows that cryonics has a small chance of being successful therefore suggesting that it is more likely to fail than succeed. Research Methodology[DS4] The main form of research used in this paper was secondary research. Many of the resources were accessed from the World Wide Web and qualitative, as well as, quantitative research was able to be collected. Majority of the research that was collected was not fairly recent due to the cryonic facilities still using methods that were used decades before therefore many of the sources were not primarily from the last 2 years. Conclusion[DS5] The main aims of this research paper was to bring forth background knowledge on cryonics and investigate whether it would be possible to use this technology as a means of expanding the human lifespan whilst also discussing the ethical issues concerning the technology as it is very important when evaluating if the technology would be used in the future. Although, it is abundantly clear that the technology will most likely not have the capacity to revive the dead in the near future, there is still a small chance that this technology could be used in the future. There could discover that it is better most efficient to focus on neuropreservation rather than whole-body cryopreservation as the most expressed in this paper the main difficulty lies in preserving the brain whilst also maintaining the owners memories. Even though the odds are against this technology from being successful, there is limit to know what future technology is capable of. References[DS6] Bostron, N. (2003). Transhumanist values. [online] nickbostrom.com Available at:http://www.nickbostrom.com/ethics/values.html [Accessed 24/08/16] Harris, S. (1989) Will Cryonics work? [online] alcor.org Available at: http://www.alcor.org/Library/html/WillCryonicsWork.html [Accessed 3/09/16] Kaufman, J. (2012) More Cryonics Probability Estimates. [online] jefftk.com/index. Available at:https://www.jefftk.com/p/more-cryonics-probability-estimates [Accessed 26/08/16] Mathewson, S. (2016) Cryogenics: Entire Rabbit Brain Successfully Frozen and Revived For First Time [online] natureworldnews.com Available at: http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/19877/20160211/cryogenics-entire-rabbit-brain-successfully-frozen-revived-first-time.htm [Accessed 24/08/16] Shaw, D. (2009). Cryoethics: seeking life after death. Bioethics,[online] Volume 23(9), p.515-521. Available at: http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/18452/1/18452.pdf [Accessed 24/08/16] Van Riper, A. (2002). Science in Popular Culture: A Reference Guide City Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, p.35 Watson, S. (2005). How Cryonics Works. [online] HowStuffWorks.com. Available at: http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/genetic/cryonics.htm [Accessed 26/08/16]

Biodiversity and Green Infrastructure in Urban Planning

Biodiversity Green Infrastructure in Urban PlanningIntroductionIn the 1990s, the construct of Green Infrastructure has been mentioned in the United States. It used to be identified as an attack to cover with H2O direction, clime version and multifunctional green infinite. Now, after long clip survey, EU identifies that: â€Å"Green substructure is the web of natural and semi-natural countries, characteristics and green infinites in rural and urban, tellurian, fresh water, coastal and marine countries, which together enhance ecosystem wellness and resiliency, contribute to biodiversity preservation and benefit human populations through the care and sweetening of ecosystem services. Green substructure can be strengthened through strategic and coordinated enterprises that focus on maintaining, reconstructing, bettering and linking bing countries and characteristics every bit good as making new countries and features.†( Naumann, 2011 ) This essay will discourse the public-service corporation of GI in biodiversity facet. It will demo the basic maps of GI for biodiversity and policy context in UK planning system and EU degree. After that, this essay will analyze three instances and supply statement about consequence GI undertaking.General Impact on BiodiversityUrban Green substructure can lend to biodiversity through provide high quality air, dirt and H2O. This influence will be mediated by the flow of air or H2O between constituents of the wider landscape, or the usage of green infinite elements for resources or motion.Increase habitat countryThe home grounds provided in urban green substructure can be peculiarly of import for a scope of species. As the country available for habitation additions, both the population size of single species and the entire species profusion of an country addition. The species-area relationship works about good for urban Parkss and other stray urban green infinite spots ( Colding, 2007 ) . Part of the species-area relationship is due to larger countries be givening to hold a greater diverseness in home grounds.Increasing populations of some protected speciesA broad scope of UK Biodiversity Action Plan ( UKBAP ) precedence species make usage of urban green substructure. Some home grounds that are characteristic of urban green substructure are of national or international importance. In peculiar, the new UKBAP home ground ‘Open Mosaic Habitat on Previously Developed Land’ ( OMHOPDL ) is concentrated in urban and peri-urban countries. It is an of import home ground for many rare or threatened invertebrates, workss and birds due mostly to the alone dirt conditions. Green substructure can help in increasing such populations.Increasing species motionUrban green substructure creates chances for longer-distance motion for some species. This allows species to travel about within, and between, urban countriesPolicy contextThere is a clear policy model that indicates green infrastructure’s part to biodiversity in United Kingdom. Natural environment white paper ( 2011 ) sets out the long-run mark which aims to holding biodiversity loss by 2020 and set uping ecological webs. And the whiter paper considers GI as ‘the links in our national ecological network’ and ‘one of the most effectual tools available to us in pull offing environmental hazards such as implosion therapy and heat waves’ . Green substructure Partnership ( 2011 ) identifies GI as an attack to heighten ecological webs and better communities’ wellness ; protect wildlife and resiliency to climate alteration. The National Planning Policy Framework indicates that GI can cut down influences by human activities on biodiversity and supply cyberspace additions. The European Environment Agency proposed the EU 2010 Biodiversity Baseline that EU has failed the mark of holding biodiversity loss in 2010. The Natura 2000 identifies that EU should construct green substructure to better ecosystem and associate urban country and rural country. Green Infrastructure includesre-afforestation zones, green Bridgess and green roofs, green urban countries, fish migration channels, floodplain Restoration and flood-retention installations every bit good as natural countries, high-value farming area and forest countries, which demonstrate the advantages of nature-based solutions to strictly proficient 1s, or advanced planning attacks for intelligent, multi-purpose land usage.( EU, 2014 )Case surveyThe old Rough Wildflower ProjectThe old rough wild flower undertaking is a landmark undertaking for land life demoing that high quality and originative landscape can better day-to-day life and biodiversity. The undertaking is a community landscape undertaking which is located in the Northwood country of Kirkby, near Liverpool. The undertaking includes over 2hectares of dramatic wild flower landscapes, which are established on a thirty-year old public lodging country. In add-on to, members of community environment undertaking squad country trained to response making high quality landscapes for the Northwood Community. The wild flower undertaking non merely protects the wild flower in urban country, but besides brings economic and societal benefits to this topographic point. This country is used to be a bedraggled public lodging country with occupants, who are extremely deprived and have low outlook in reinforced environment. Now, the beautiful flower brings new energy to the community. People appreciate to bask the position of wild flower landscapes The wild flower undertaking is an first-class new townscape, which was given the UK-MAB Urban wildlife award for supplying a high quality landscape of wild flowers. The undertaking was invested by charity organisation, Landlife. And the care work is led by local church people, which includes litter remotion and tidying of the country.The Florida Wildlife CorridorWith decennaries be aftering and readyings, the state’s Florida Ecological Greenways Network ( FEGN ) has established precedence ecologic corridors to supplying home ground for wide-ranging species, which may include Florida Panther and Florida black bear. From Everlades to Okefenokee, the corridor combines all of the critical linkages to build a map web of public and private countries, which would protect the ecosystem service, native biodiversity and natural heritage. ( picture2, beginning from Florida corridor ) Targets of Florida wildlife Corridor Undertaking:Protect and reconstruct home ground and migration corridors indispensable for the endurance of Florida’s diverse wildlife, including wide-ranging jaguars, black bears and other native speciesRestore H2O flow to the Everglades and sustain H2O supply to southern FloridaContinue to safeguard the St. Johns River and H2O supply for cardinal and north FloridaProlong the nutrient production, economic systems and cultural bequests of working spreads and farms within the corridorBolster local economic systems through increased chances such as hunting, fishing, birdwatching and other signifiers of eco-tourismGive wildlife and workss room to accommodate to a altering clime and sea degree riseThe corridor undertaking is responded by many natural organisations, such as the nature conservancy, the preservation trust or the Evergladess. Harmonizing to the marks, the corridor besides can link the farms and spreads within it. It can pull the vis itants to increase the local economic development. And the private landholder and relevant stakeholders would take portion in the undertaking to contracture and protect the corridor. The Florida wildlife corridor undertaking is a national undertaking which influences on several regionals, provinces and federal bureaus. And it is besides a long-run program which requests people lodging to execution. In order to popularising the undertaking, several people launched an expedition from Florida Bay in Everglades National Park up the peninsula to Okenfenokee National wildlife Refuge in southern Georgia. Through picture, images and web logs, they showed the position of corridor to public. They want to raise consciousness of public about their importance to the Florida.Ely Country ParkEly state park undertaking aims to protect the valuable home ground for wildlife in the eastern border of Ely, such as lakes, reed beds, forests and grass lands. The undertaking was proposed in 2006 at first clip. After cooperation with local land proprietor and 100s of members of public, Ely wild infinite created a multiple- functional zone which is recognized as green infinite field-grade officerR wildlife and local people likewise. ( picture3, beginning from wildspace )Roswell PitRoswell Pit supports many genteelness birds including the great crested grebe and kingfisher and provides forage and resting countries during winter for other birds such as the bittern. With a broad assortment of home grounds many other species are found here including H2O field mouses, otters, a figure of chiropteran species, Luscinia megarhynchoss, terns and many workss including the bee orchid and elephantine horsetail. It is besides a diversion installation, supplying entree to seafaring and angling.Ely Common( Picture 5, beginning from wildspace ) The common is a popular walking and diversion country. It is besides a beautful wild flower hayfield back uping species such as adders tongue fern, and there are historical records of green winged orchids.Springhead Lane hayfield( Picture 6, beginning from wildspace ) This country supports species such as grasshopper warblers, H2O rail and red-winged blackbird and provides runing evidences for barn bird of Minerva.Pocket Park( image 8, beginning from wildspace ) A park near to the metropolis Centre, this country provides unfastened green infinites that are used by many people for diversion. Now, Ely Country Park is a successful undertaking for protecting and heightening local biodiversity. And the park besides becomes a welcome relaxing country for local occupants in trim clip. Peoples can wing along a nothing wire, cope your manner up a mounting frame and bask the company of friends and household. In general, this undertaking was invested by the Natural England and the Wildlife Trust.ComparisonThe old Rough WildflowerThe Florida Wildlife CorridorEly Country ParkDegreeLocalStateLocalInvestingCharity, organisationGovernment, organisation fundOrganization fund, public fundGI optionsLandscapeEcologic corridorCountry parkBiodiversity BenefitsWildflowersSurvival of Florida’s diverse wildlife, including wide-ranging jaguars, black bears and other native speciesValuable home ground for wildlife, including lakes, reed beds, seasonally flooded hayfields, forests and grasslandsTime graduated tableShortLongShortOther mapImprove built environment, quality of wellness and lif e, EducationRestore H2O flow to the Everglades and sustain H2O supply to southern Florida Prolong the nutrient production, economic systems band cultural bequests of working spreads and farms within the corridor Bolster local economic systems through increased chancesloosen uping country for local occupants in trim clipManagementLocal church people, litter remotion and tidying of the country.Florida province authoritiesEly Wildspace, local councilPublic engagementLocal occupantsLandowners, local peopleLandowners, local peopleHarmonizing to the tabular array, a successful GI for biodiversity should include appropriate fiscal support, specific marks, multiple-function and good public engagement. In investing portion, official organisations normally will response the finicky support. On regional or national degree, the planetary organisation and authorities will usually be one of the investors. And on local degree, relevant stakeholders or landholders may take portion in the procedure of raising capital. A good GI program should hold specific marks. Planner should place the aims which are precisely necessitating by local people. At same clip, contriver can non see GI options for biodiversity wi thout relevant facets. Human, environment and wildlife can non be separated during be aftering procedure, because each militant of one facet will act upon the others. GI does non merely value on ecological resources, but besides value on economic and societal issues. During planning and execution procedure, contriver should ask for relevant stakeholders to take part in the undertaking. Roll uping their sentiments and accepting their aid may assist determination marker to make better pick. In add-on to, contriver should lodge to pull off the GI after its building. The wild flower undertaking is managed by church people to protecting high quality landscapes and keeping exhibition for pupils and visitants. The Florida bureau holds a Florida Wildlife Corridor Expedition to pull public people acquiring involved in the undertaking. And Fly Wildspace research the new attack by cooperation with landholders and other organisations to advance the state park. As a rustling, people need happen a manner to maintain the GI undertaking working. Possibly, contriver should do alteration or new program for current GI to accommodate development. In local degree, GI program may usually concentrate on protect particular home ground which should make short term benefits. On regional degree, GI program may cover on how to heightening the ecosystem services or linkages with environing countries. Under different policy context, GI can exercise its best consequence on biodiversity.DecisionIn general, Green Infrastructure can lend to bring forth high quality landscapes for wildlife ; can keep and better the wellness of the natural environment to set up a valuable ecosystem ; can increase ecological connectivity for home ground. A successful GI undertaking for biodiversity should include appropriate fiscal support, specific marks, multiple-function and good public engagement. And on different be aftering degree, GI undertaking should hold different focal point. In order to making more effectual GI undertaking, contriver may concentrate on bettering public investing, quality of design and monitoring procedure.MentionNaumann, Sandra, M cKenna Davis, Timo Kaphengst, Mav Pieterse and Matt Rayment,2011, Design, execution and cost elements of Green Infrastructure undertakings Final study Ely Wildspace, 2014, Background of Ely Country Park, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.elywildspace.org.uk/Background.htm [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] . Eastcamb, 2014, Ely Country Park, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //visitely.eastcambs.gov.uk/attractions/ely-country-park [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] . Floridawildlifecorridor, 2014, ABOUT THE FLORIDA WILDLIFE CORRIDOR INITIATIVE, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.floridawildlifecorridor.org/about/ [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] . European Commission, 2014, Green substructure, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //biodiversity.europa.eu/topics/green-infrastructure [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] . European Commission, 2013, THE GUIDE TO MULTI-BENEFIT COHESION POLICY INVESTMENTS IN NATURE AND GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/guide_multi_benefit_nature.pdf [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] . Institute for European Environmental Policy, 2011, GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IMPLEMENTATION AND EFFICIE, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ieep.eu/assets/898/Green_Infrastructure_Implementation_and_Efficiency.pdf [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] . Natural England, 2014, Green Infrastructure Guidance, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/35033 [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] . Forest Research, 2010, Benefits of green substructure Bay Soundings, 2004, THE SOUTHWEST FLORIDA COASTAL CONSERVATION CORRIDOR Plan: Making a Wildlife Corridor, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //baysoundings.com/legacy-archives/wint04/corridor.html [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] . Nature connected, 2014, The Old Rough Wildflower undertaking, Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.natureconnected.org/the-old-rough-wildflower-project/ [ Accessed 23th March 2014 ] .

Baxter Manufacturing Essay

Baxter Manufacturing Company (BMC) is a metal stampings company. Its major customers include, Ford, General Motors, Honda of America, General Electric and Whirlpool. The company is made up of two divisions it makes brackets and other components that go into the finished product, they also make motor casings. BMC employees about 420 non-union employees and has been steadily growing for the last 6 years. They have been approached to build a factory in Mexico, and settled on building in Queretaro, which is about a 3-hour drive north of Mexico City. Don Collins, who is the MIS manager, felt that since a new plant was being built with top of the line equipment and computer systems that they might be able to implement a system upgrade for the entire company. One of the problems was that BMC wanted the new system implemented by the end of the year. Given the quick deadline they decided to focus on support for the Mexico plant, a felt that the following approaches: 1. Connect the Mexican plant to BMC’s existing systems through a high-speed communications line   2.  Contract through an application service provider (ASP) to provide systems support to the Mexican plant. 3. Employ a piecemeal solution where they would acquire a number of software packages that could run on the networked PC’s in Mexico that would serve the basic needs of the Mexican plant. (MIS) The task force team ran into difficulties with language and cultural differences, the mindset of the employees and Mexico and the long distances between them. They met with resistance and self pride from the Mexican employees and were unable to communicate effectively with them. Target As a result of the lack of communication and the language differences the task force decided to go with option 3. They were working on locating vendors to provide support and with basic language software to help the employees stateside. The main issues that they are having are support for the systems and training for the equipment. By outsourcing some or all of ts IT work to a company that is familiar with the language and culture it could help expedite the time of getting the plant operational. In addition developing a training program that could be taught companywide could help benefit the entire company. Proposal One of the main issues that BMC is looking for is international support. They are been unable to work directly with its own employees due to the language barrier that it faces. By using a company like Unisys, they could provide the infrastructure support, business service support and many other features. They offer support in English and Spanish and could help ease the burden of the local IT department. Unisys could also implement a Cloud, in which the entire company could use to help transfer information to and from different locations. â€Å"Business forces have caused IT to try to figure out how to provide flexible services faster, but, without large, up front investments. Unisys has a number of cloud solutions for providing the necessary flexibility and responsiveness needed to achieve significant business value. † (Unisys) A great deal of time has gone into the development of this plant, but an equal or greater part must be present in training of the employees. In order for the plant to be fully operational at the level that is required by MBC, a training program must be designed. They would benefit greatly by having management train with how BMC currently runs its operation. By also setting up a video conferencing line they could help problem solve over the computer and or phone lines helping eliminate the distance between the two plants.

A Study On Loyola High School - 1845 Words

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